Education 4.0 is based on flexibility, personalization, and collaboration. Derived from the traditional educational models it is highly technological, intelligent and self-paced learning matters. With the help of AI-centered platforms educational systems are growing rapidly in diverse pathways. It is a kind of competency-based education and outcome-driven designs and it is highly dedicated in real world problem solving. Education 4.0 solves the real-world problem and skills. Teachers basically perform the role of the content creator, facilitator as well as mentor and Education 4.0 is dedicated in fulfillment of many criteria and it fulfills the cultivating, self-directed learning environment. AI’s impact on education not only depends on content delivery but also it revolutionizes the ways of learners and teaching offering. Use of Cloud Computing, bigdata, IoT, machine learning and Deep learning, natural language processing, and computer vision, etc. are dedicated in bringing of new-age intelligent tutoring systems with realtime sentiment analysis in classrooms.

Achieving Sustainable Development Goal 12 (SDG 12), focused on responsible consumption and production, hinges significantly on the agricultural sector. Millet farming, characterized by its climate resilience, minimal resource needs, and high nutritional value, presents a sustainable alternative to traditional agricultural practices, especially in susceptible areas like Odisha, India. This research examines how millet farming promotes sustainable consumption and production by assessing the impact of socio-economic, ecological, and consumption/production-related elements. Based on data from 568 smallholder millet farmers, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) is used to analyse both the direct and indirect effects of these variables on sustainability results. The results demonstrate that millet farming substantially mediates the relationship between external factors and sustainability outcomes, highlighting its potential as a key

strategy for achieving SDG 12. This paper offers empirical evidence and policy recommendations to encourage sustainable agriculture based on millet.

The pharmaceutical industry in India plays a critical role in global healthcare, yet its marketing practices have often sparked debates regarding ethical considerations. This study investigates the marketing strategies employed by Indian pharmaceutical companies and evaluates their adherence to ethical standards. Drawing from primary data collected through surveys of healthcare professionals and secondary data from industry reports, the research identifies prevalent practices such as physician-targeted promotions, incentives, and

advertising tactics. While these strategies aim to drive sales and expand market share, they often raise concerns about transparency, fairness, and patient welfare. The study highlights instances of ethical lapses, such as misleading claims and undue influence on prescribing patterns, and examines the implications for public trust and regulatory compliance. Findings underscore the need for stricter enforcement of ethical guidelines and suggest adopting patient-centric approaches to marketing. This research offers actionable insights for policymakers and stakeholders to ensure ethical integrity in the pharmaceutical sector.

Marriage is a societal institution and a promise where two individuals come together to form a living. Their relationship is socially approved and sanctioned by custom and law. Having a successful relationship in marriage is crucial for a couple because it will have an optimistic impact on the overall wellbeing of both the couples and their children. The current study aims to explore the factors that have contributed for a successful marriage relationship in Sikkim. To achieve this, a snowball sampling technique method was used to discover 50 successful married couples (25 male and 25 female) who have been together for more than 20 years based on their marital relationship, satisfaction and happiness. An interview schedule was prepared to interview the respondents to find out the factors that have led to successful married life. Such study holds significance in today’s society where divorce rates are increasing at an alarming rate ruining both the couples and their innocent children.

Digital healthcare is a very important topic in our modern era. We can define digital healthcare as a service where patients can get services according to their needs using appropriate technology for efficient and reliability. Some of the notable services in these areas are telemedicine, electronic health records (EHR), mobile health (m-Health), wearable health devices, artificial intelligence-driven diagnostics, robot-assisted surgery, and big data analytics. Digital healthcare is essentially a technology-based approach to making

healthcare more efficient, accessible, and accessible to people. This use of technology enables early detection of diseases, the creation of personalized treatment plans, and direct and regular monitoring of patients. There are several advances in healthcare systems and at the same time some important development happened in recent past in India. This paper has discussed several initiatives of Digital Healthcare Systems dedicated for the new age healthcare transformation and sustainability systems including some of the issues and concern in brief.

Environmental sustainability is a worldwide issue. By the utilization of advanced digital technologies, all governments are suggested to address this challenge for offering better e-Governance administration. The digital technologies play a vital role in providing e-Governance services. Digitalization of services is foundation of green e-Governance. The need for paper-based procedures can be disposed of by the e-Governance platforms, and also minimizing paper consumption and deforestation. Online applications for licenses, tax payments, and public service access reduce in-person travel and therefore lower carbon emissions. Investing in energy-efficient software and technology may be a top priority for governments. To computerize and optimization of governments’ activities and to provide better e-services to the public, digital technologies can be used. Big Data, Cloud computing, the IoT (Internet of Things), Artificial Intelligence, wired and wireless networks, and sensor technologies have all advanced technologically, enabling the advancement of active design tools that let citizens participate in e-Governance services that address environmental sustainability. By integrating smart devices into our surroundings and opening the chance for creative applications of ICT used in smart cities, energy efficiency, and home automation, IoT provides many resolutions for our daily lives and for the development of society. Information and Communication Technology & urban advancement have drawn a huge attention to smart cities. In 6 (six) areas— smart environment, smart governance, smart living smart economics, smart people, smart transportation—the smart city idea might be used as a successful, effective, & efficient way to advance the lives of citizens.

This conceptual study delves into the intricate dynamics of academic stress among engineering students, aiming to elucidate the multifaceted nature of this pervasive phenomenon. Grounded in the Transactional Model of Stress and Coping, alongside Social Support Theory and Self-Efficacy Theory, the research adopts a mixed-methods approach to comprehensively explore the interplay of individual, interpersonal, and contextual factors contributing to academic stress. Quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews are

conducted among a diverse sample of engineering students to gather data on stress levels, personality traits, coping strategies, social support networks, peer relationships, faculty interactions, and perceptions of the academic environment. The conceptual framework developed synthesises these findings, offering insights into the complexities of academic stress experienced by engineering students. Through statistical analyses and thematic exploration, significant predictors of stress are identified, providing a deeper understanding

of the mechanisms underlying stress responses in this population. The study underscores the importance of addressing academic stress within engineering education and informs the development of targeted interventions and support mechanisms to foster student well-being and success.

The digital age has significantly transformed the operations of extremist groups, enabling them to utilize cyberspace for radicalization, propaganda, recruitment, and cyber warfare. This report analyses the increasing threat of digital extremism, investigating the evolving patterns of cyberattacks, exploited vulnerabilities, and their global consequences. The study utilizes a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative techniques (thematic and discourse analysis) with quantitative methods (descriptive statistics). Data was obtained from primary sources, including interviews and dark web activity, as well as secondary sources, such as cybersecurity databases and international security periodicals. Ethical considerations, including data protection and bias prevention, were recognized, yet challenges such as data accessibility and the dynamic nature of cyber threats persist. Extremist organizations are increasingly utilizing advanced cyber tactics, including DDoS attacks, ransomware, phishing, website defacement, data breaches, and AI-driven disinformation campaigns. These strategies compromise critical infrastructure, skew public image, and fund illicit activities, posing significant risks to national security, economic stability, and social unity. Significant vulnerabilities, including insufficient cybersecurity protocols, encrypted communication platforms, the dark web, and the misuse of emerging technology such as artificial intelligence and deepfakes, exacerbate the threat. These tools enable radicals to operate with increased anonymity, scale, and influence, resulting in global consequences that extend beyond security to disrupt geopolitical dynamics and erode trust in digital systems. The paper emphasizes the imperative of proactive cybersecurity strategies, AI-enabled threat detection, global intelligence sharing, and cooperation among various stakeholders to mitigate this threat.

Knowledge Management (KM) has evolved into a multifaceted domain that intersects with disciplines such as information science, organizational theory, cognitive psychology, and emerging technologies. This review paper explores KM through an interdisciplinary lens, examining its foundational types—tacit, explicit, embedded, and cultural knowledge—and their implications for organizational learning, innovation, and strategic agility. By synthesizing theoretical frameworks and empirical studies, the paper highlights how KM practices vary across sectors and are shaped by contextual factors including technological infrastructure, cultural dynamics, and governance models. Special attention is given to the role of digital transformation, artificial intelligence, and semantic interoperability in reshaping KM systems and enabling adaptive knowledge ecosystems. The study also addresses ethical considerations and equity challenges in KM implementation. Through this comprehensive analysis, the paper offers insights into the strategic potential of KM as a catalyst for sustainable development, collaborative intelligence, and institutional resilience.

Patients labelled with “Multiple Chemical Sensitivity” (MCS) frequently present with multi-system complaints, high avoidance, and substantial psychiatric burden. Etiology remains disputed. Psychiatric care must validate suffering while remaining agnostic about toxic causality. A 67-year-old woman with lifelong somatic vulnerability, chronic tobacco use, and extensive occupational exposure to pesticides and solvents reported odor-linked autonomic surges, fatigue, pain, and cognitive fog. External physicians documented GSTM1 null genotype; abnormal red-ox/mitochondrial markers (elevated lactate–pyruvate ratio, high SOD, low GPx), disturbed vitamin-D metabolism (low 25-OH with high 1,25-di-OH), and MRI/MRS (2013) interpreted by neuroradiology as diffuse toxic leukoencephalopathy “compatible with chronic solvent exposure.” Autonomic testing reproduced paroxysmal tachycardia. Psychiatric evaluation identified depressive and anxiety symptoms, illness‑focused ruminations, high environmental vigilance, and moderate structural vulnerabilities in affect regulation and mentalization. Psychodynamic counseling (OPD-guided focus on self-esteem regulation, affect tolerance, and relational patterns), paced functional restoration, and liaison with medical care. No etiologic assertions were made. Improved affect regulation and role function with a reduced avoidance radius; persistent sensitivity to strong odors. Psychodynamic treatment can reduce distress and disability in IEI/MCS-labelled presentations while remaining causally neutral. Transparent attribution of external medical findings and CARE‑standard reporting enable constructive interdisciplinary dialogue.

The Balanced Scorecard is a strategic management tool that integrates financial and non-financial performance metrics to align organisational goals. Sustainability focuses on balancing economic, social, and environmental objectives, and integrating it with the Balanced Scorecard helps organisations achieve long-term, holistic growth. Understanding research trends in any field is crucial for identifying unexplored areas. To examine the global research trends related to the Balanced Scorecard and Sustainability, a bibliometric analysis was conducted using the Scopus database. The keywords “Balanced Scorecard” and “Sustainability” were employed for the document search, covering 20 years from 2004 to 2024. The data reveals a steady increase in annual research output, particularly after 2020. Network maps were generated using VoS Viewer, highlighting a gap in integrating the Balanced Scorecard into broader sustainability frameworks, with only 247 articles published in this area over the past 20 years.

As they say change is inevitable hence nothing can stop change, we are witness to rapid and disruptive changes happening in our lives thanks to technology. Industry 1.0 lasted 70 years, 2.0 nearly the same, 3.0 lasted about 40 years where as 4.0 hardly 25 and now are knocking at the door of Industry 5.0. This is going to be exciting and somewhat scary as well. This study is an attempt to know how futuristic employment and job opportunity would be what would be the impact of AI and other technological advancement would be

in quality of life and work as well as sustainable development means inclusivity or just industrialisation. Some of the key areas to explore is about future of work and skills, human-centric innovations, technological integration and sustainability, and long-term impact. One third jobs can be taken away by 2025 this was predicted by futurists in 2017 and that could be taken away by as what they termed it as Smart Technology, Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, and Algorithms (STARA). Covid-19 accelerated the usage of technology and it is changing more in fast pace thus employees need new skill sets and companies need to update and transform business.

Financial inclusion, the equitable access to and usage of financial services by all members of society, remains a critical challenge worldwide. The advent of Fin-tech has emerged as a powerful tool in addressing this issue. This research paper explores the influence of Fin-tech on global financial inclusion. The study focuses on a comparative analysis between developed and developing countries, examining how digital payments have enhanced access to financial services. With financial data from key countries, such as India, Kenya, Sweden, Brazil and china. The paper analyzes both the successes and challenges of adopting these systems. By evaluating government policies, technological innovations, and socio-economic factors, the study provides insights into how digital payments have helped bridge the financial divide globally and what further measures can improve accessibility. The study explores the key drivers, challenges and opportunities associated with digital financial inclusion, focusing on the role of mobile money, e-wallets, and other innovative technologies and examine the role of Fin- tech in promoting global financial inclusion,comparing the impact across various regions and socio-economic contexts.